描述:
随着末敏子弹威力半径的提高,一次抛撒很难把大量末敏子弹均匀散布到较大目标面积,进行二次抛撒成为末敏子母弹抛撒的发展方向。 本文以航空子母弹二次抛撒系统为研究对象,设计了二次抛撒具体方案,选择小型固体火箭发动机作为二次抛撒的动力装置,确定了相应的抛撒机构和发动机总体方案。使用内弹道理论,进行内弹道性能的预估,根据发动机的工作压强,得到了发动机的转速;在以上基础上对燃烧室壳体强度和喷管二维定常流进行仿真计算,确定了燃烧室壳体的厚度和喷管的型面。 在结构方案的基础上,采用经典外弹道理论,建立了子母弹二次抛撒系统抛撒过程的外弹道模型,确定出第一次抛撒条件;通过对第二次抛撒落点散布进行仿真计算后,得出方案的落点散布满足设计要求;对模拟子弹药进行气动力数值模拟,为以后的弹道研究提供数据参考;设计了发动机性能测试的试验方案。本文为具体的工程实践提供了有益借鉴。With the increase of the terminal sensing ammunition’s power radius these years, it is difficult to throw more terminal sensing ammunition over a larger target area only by once throwing. This promotes the development of twice throwing, which is now the research direction of terminal sensing ammunition throwing system. This thesis focuses on the twice-throwing technology of subminution throwing system. The detailed design of the twice throwing system is presented. The small solid rocket motor is employed to perform as the power of the twice throwing system, and then we confirm the collective design of the throwing framework and the rocket motor. We verify the effectiveness of the design via simulation of the rocket motor's interior ballistics, and obtain the rotate speed of the rocket motor. Finally, we obtain the thickness of firebox shell and the model of nozzle through the numerically simulation. According to the proposed framework, we establish the models of exterior ballistic trajectory during the throwing procedure of cargo-projectile using the classic exterior ballistic theory. Through the simulations of the obliquitous angle and the attacked angle, the condition of the first projection is then deduced. The distribution of the falling point is also evaluated by the simulation of moving laws of the sub-projectile, which shows that our design meets the design requirements; The numerically simulations about the aerodynamic characteristics of artillery projectile,will be potential basis for the latter researching in this topic;Finally, the proposed practical experiments scheme in this thesis, which can evaluate the validity and efficiency of the motor in throwing system. This thesis can be used as reference for detailed engineering practice.
描述:
激光引信是近炸引信的主流体制之一。由于其在精确定距、抗电磁干扰及目标方位识别等方面具有独特优势,因此在国内外得到广泛研究。由于伪随机码有良好的随机特性,其相关函数接近白噪声的相关函数,且具有可预先确定性和可重复性,因此,与等间距脉冲体制的激光引信相比,伪随机码激光引信在保密性、抗有源电磁干扰和不受静电感应影响等方面有明显优势。 本文以某航空弹药配用的激光引信为应用对象,在分析激光探测和伪随机码测距原理的基础上,对探测到的激光回波信号进行处理,利用伪随机码的自相关特性来实现测距和抗干扰功能。在对目标和背景回波信号特性分析的基础上,用蒙特卡罗方法对脉冲激光探测和伪随机码激光探测的虚警概率、探测概率、信噪比和探测阈值的统计分布规律进行了分析,为选用伪码测距体制,合理选择伪随机码激光引信探测器的信噪比和探测阈值提供了依据。为提高测距精度,改善信号性能,用相干平均算法对信号进行处理,以提高信噪比。根据战技指标的要求选取合适的伪随机码参数,设计了基于FPGA的5级伪随机序列产生器。为了对回波信号进行相干平均处理,得到信号的具体信息特征,用FPGA完成对信号的A/D采样及存储的控制。本文设计了相关检测的软件模块,包括伪码延时模块、相关运算模块、峰值搜索模块和距离计算模块,用FPGA实现并用Modelsim进行仿真,最后完成了信号处理系统的硬件设计。仿真结果表明本文提出的测距方法及电路设计有效可行。 关键词:伪随机码;激光引信;相关检测;信号处理;FPGA应用;蒙特卡罗方法AbstractLaser is one of the three major systems of proximity fuse.Owing to the upstanding random characteristic of pseudorandom code and the sharp auto correlation characteristic similar to white noise, moreover, it possesses ascertainable and repeatable characteristics. For this reason, pseudorandom code laser fuse has been improved essentially in the secrecy characteristic, the anti-active anti-jamming, non-influence from static inductance, and etc aspects. The dissertation regard the laser fuse applied to aeronalitic shot aimed at oil storehouse as application object, the oil storehouse as the detection object, on the basis of the principle of distance detection by laser fuse and pseudorandom code, process the echo signal. Realize the distance detection and anti-jamming function, based on the correlation theory. After analyze echo character of target and typical background, analyze the probability of pulse laster and preudorandom code detecting, the false alarm probability and the SNR by Monte-Carlo method,. In order to advance the precision of the detection and improve the signal status, used the coherent average method to process the signal and advance the SNR. Select appropriate parameter of pseudorandom code to satisfy the fighting request, design a 5 pseudorandom code genarating circuit based on FPGA. In order to process the signal by coherent average method and get the particular information of the signal, control the sampling and storing of signal by FPGA. Design the correlation detecting system software which includes preudorandom code delay module, correlation module, peak value search module and distance calculating module, these modules are realized by FPGA. Finally, the hardware circuits of signal processing design are finished.Keywords: Pseudorandom code; laser fuse; correlation detecting; signal processing; FPGA application; Monte-Calo method