描述:
航天产业在国家战略中的地位与作用日益突显,是提升国家竞争力和影响力的关键。作为战略性前沿技术领域,航空航天技术的发展和进步无疑是推动航空航天产业技术创新、促进航天产业快速发展的重要引擎。本文基于web of science数据库,以JCR收录的30个航空航天工程领域的科技期刊在2006-2015年间所刊载的科技论文为数据源,运用科学计量方法,对主要航天国家在航空航天技术领域的研究现状和发展态势进行分析,着重完成中国与美国、欧盟、俄罗斯以及日本和印度等五个国家(地区)的比较分析。研究发现:全球对航空航天领域的研究热度持续升高,并保持增长的态势;美欧航空航天技术研究依旧处于领先地位,其研究热点更加集中于航天前沿技术探索上,而中国和其他主要航天国家更加重视航天技术的应用研究;中国与世界航天强国相比,存在一定的差距。本文旨在于为建设航天强国提供参考和建议。
描述:
Aero medicine and first aid training is essential in preparing qualified cabin crew for in-flight medical emergencies. Nonetheless, it has always been regarded as a challenging aspect of cabin crew training. Cabin crew have been facing a more complex situation when conducting their duties onboard due to COVID-19. This study aims to explore the current status of aero medicine and first aid training in China. Using the snowballing technique, 17 participants were recruited for the in-depth semi-structured interview, including cabin crew from 9 airlines in China, first aid instructors from airline training centers, and lecturers from universities. Based on thematic analysis, four themes were extracted: required competencies, factors affecting first aid behaviors, course content and instructional strategies. Findings indicated that most airlines in China emphasized training their cabin crew in aero medicine and first aid. However, some conducted recurrent training once every two years, which was insufficient for skills and knowledge retention. Automated External Defibrillators (AED) were rarely equipped onboard. MedAire was not available for all airlines in China. The results pointed out the shortfalls on aero medicine and first aid aspect in China and can help improve the in-flight first aid facilities and optimize the training programs.